An ISM Approach for Managing Critical Stakeholder Issues Regarding Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Deployment in Developing Asian Countries

Muhammad Ridhuan Tony Lim Abdullah,Saedah Siraj,Zulkipli Ghazali

doi:10.3390/su13126618

Muhammad Ridhuan Tony Lim Abdullah, Saedah Siraj + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126618

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Abstract

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology deployment in developing Asian countries largely depends on public acceptance, which is highly dependent on the stakeholders involved in CCS. This paper illuminates how stakeholder issues could be strategically managed in the deployment of CCS, in a manner customized to such developing countries. Based on the input from 28 stakeholders of various interests and nationalities (i.e., from China, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Indonesia), this study applies Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and MICMAC analysis, in order to develop a management model to address stakeholder issues regarding the deployment of CCS. Our findings revealed eight legislative issues, four social issues, three economic issues, five technological issues, and five environmental management issues. The model revealed that legislative issues, such as those relating to CO2 definition, licensing, land acquisition framework, and expertise, should be managed prior to other issues, that is, in the early stage of CCS deployment. Addressing environmental issues related to promoting public awareness and perception of CCS benefits are among the key drivers in deploying CCS. The study may serve as a reference for CCS deployment in developing Asian countries.

Highlights

During the review session of the model, the expert panel agreed with the outcome and elaborated that a clear understanding of shared definition of CO2 among stakeholders is vital in minimizing future concerns or skepticism of the public on potential nationwide carbon capture and storage (CCS) deployment
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is an established technology for substantially minimizing the CO2 footprint, it has not been widely adopted in developing countries, compared to developed countries [2]
Public perception has been identified as one of the most critical barriers to CCS adoption and, in the case of developing countries, past studies have substantiated that public perception is significantly influenced by stakeholder concerns and issues towards its deployment

Summary

Introduction

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has been developed and utilized worldwide, in order to minimize CO2 discharges, driven by the concern for global environmental sustainability [1]. As of 2019, there were 19 operational large-scale CCS facilities worldwide, with a total capture capacity of 39.2 million tons per annum (Mtpa), compared to 31.2 Mtpa in 2017 (Global Carbon Capture and Storage Institute, 2019). Due to the rapid economic growth in key regions among developing countries, recent estimates have stated that these countries collectively will contribute to 59% of the world’s energy growth and 94% of its coal consumption increase, which would account for an alarming 91% of the global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) by the year 2030 [3]. Bream [4] argued that it is crucial to deploy carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology in key developing countries, in order to mitigate this trend. Article 6 of the Paris Agreement through the Green Climate Fund (GCF)

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