An investigation on the bacterial flora of Agriotes lineatus (Coleoptera: Elateridae) and pathogenicity of the flora members

Abstract

The wireworm Agriotes lineatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Elateridae) is a serious agricultural pest of various vegetables and fruits throughout the world. To find an effective and safe biological control agent against this pest, we investigated the bacterial flora of A. lineatus. Nineteen different bacterial strains were isolated and identified as Paenibacillus sp. (Ag1), Cellulomonas sp. (Ag2), Bacillus subtilis (Ag3), Staphylococcus sp. (Ag4), Enterococcus mundtii (Ag5), Staphylococcus sp. (Ag6), Sphingobacterium sp. (Ag7), Staphylococcus pasteuri (Ag8), Arthrobacter gandensis (Ag9), Bacillus sp. (Ag10), Chryseobacterium sp. (Ag11), Streptomyces sp. (Ag12), Oerskovia turbata (Ag13), Bacillus thuringiensis (Ag14), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Ag15), Oerskovia jenensis (Ag16), Arthrobacter gandavensis (Ag17), B. thuringiensis (Ag18), and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida (Ag19) based on conventional and molecular tests. A. gandavensis and P. plecoglossicida were isolated for the first time from any insect. The insecticidal effects of these 19 bacterial isolates and the additional 11 isolates belonging to Bacillus genus isolated from different hosts were tested on third instar larvae of A. lineatus. Ag17 (A. gandavensis), Ag18 (B. thuringiensis), and Ag19 (P. plecoglossicida) from the bacterial flora of A. lineatus, and two Bacillus isolates (Bacillus circulans Ar1 from Anoplus roboris and B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki BnBt from Balanicus nucum) showed 100% mortality 10 days after treatment. Our results indicate that the bacterial isolates tested in this study may be considered as a possible microbial control agent against A. lineatus.