Abstract
We investigated differences in the curing behavior of cationic photopolymerizations photosensitized by anthracene by preparing various epoxy/vinyl-ether-based formulation systems with and without anthracene photosensitizer. Cationic photopolymerizations of formulations with different ratios of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxide (DGEBA), 1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol divinyl ether (CHVE), and anthracene were investigated using differential photocalorimetry (photo-DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total internal reflection (FTIR-ATR). In photo-DSC experiments, the formulations containing more than 5% (by weight) anthracene exhibited a two-stage exothermic reaction. As the concentration of anthracene photosensitizer was increased, the first exotherm decreased and the second one increased. Photo-DSC and real-time infrared spectroscopy analyses showed that the reaction rate increased as the anthracene photosensitizer concentration was increased. Depth profile analyses using FTIR-ATR spectroscopy showed that the films containing more than 0.5% anthracene exhibited significantly improved surface properties and more thorough curing for film thicknesses up to 100 μm.
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