An investigation of the disintegration of tablets in biorelevant media

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to examine the disintegration of tablets in media designed to simulate conditions pertaining in the stomach. Although many studies have been performed to determine dissolution rates in these media, little work has been undertaken on the preliminary step in dissolution, namely disintegration. Two tablet formulations were prepared. One disintegrated rapidly (under 25 s in water) and the other more slowly (8 min in water). The disintegration times were measured by the BP 2000 test using discs. For the rapidly disintegrating tablets, disintegration times were similar in all media except for whole milk. This media is used to simulate the fed stomach and disintegration times were over five times longer than in the other media ( P < 0.05). A similar effect was seen with the poorly disintegrating tablets in milk, and prolonged times were also observed in some of the other media. For these latter media, there was a good correlation between the penetration rate of the fluid into the tablet and the disintegration time. Penetration rates for milk were also slow which may be a reflection of its relatively high viscosity and low surface tension.