An investigation of sterile immunity against toxoplasmosis in rats

Abstract

The non-persistent BK strain was examined for its ability to induce sterile immunity in Wistar rats. Groups of 2–9 Wistar rats were inoculated subcutaneously with 5 × 104 BK strain tachyzoites per rat. Two months later, 46 rats were dosed by gavage with 2 × 101 cysts of the C, ME-49, Prugniaud, C-56, Elg, M-7741 or M3 strains. Another 26 rats were inoculated with 103 oocysts of the ME49, M7741, Bear or Hopa–Hopa strains of Toxoplasma gondii. After 2 months, the rats were euthanized and their brains screened microscopically for toxoplasma tissue cysts and bioassayed in mice if negative. As judged by bioassay, the BK strain of Toxoplasma induced statistically significant protection against reinfection only when rats were challenged with cysts of the C and Prugniaud strains or with oocysts of the ME49 strain. Nonetheless, cysts were detected microscopically only in 23% of brains of immunized rats challenged with oocysts of the Bear and Hopa–Hopa strains of Toxoplasma and none of those challenged with tissue cysts of any strain. Tissue cysts were detected in 43 and 48% of non-immunized control rats infected with tissue cysts and oocysts, respectively. The overall infection in control rats (microscopy and bioassay) was 70 and 72% for rats inoculated with cysts and oocysts, respectively. These results are consistent with the divergent results obtained by other investigators with regard to protection after challenge with different complete strains (cyst and oocysts forming) of the parasite, of rats immunized with incomplete strains.