Abstract
Recent code provisions for building and other structures (1994 and 1997 NEHRP provisions, 1997 UBC) have adopted new site classification. The new site classification system is based on average shear wave velocity to a depth of 30 m. when the shear wave velocity is not available; other soil properties such as undrained shear strength can be used. The study of propagation damages in various earthquakes illustrates the importance of the site effect on the ground seismic characteristics. From the point of the earthquake engineering view, the most important characteristics of the strong ground motion are amplitude, frequency content and duration. All of these properties have a significant effect on earthquake damage. The behavior of soils under cyclic loading is basically nonlinear and hysteretic. Ground response analysis is used to predict the movements of the ground and develop a design response spectrum in order to determine the dynamic stresses and strains and earthquake forces. The profile was studied by using various methods of soil response analysis and finally, the results were examined. In this paper, soil responses were examined by NERA, EERA software and the results compared with each other. Eventually, we concluded that the values obtained from the EERA are more than the value obtained from the NEERA software.
Highlights
These Earthquakes are caused by sudden slips on geological faults
Methods of analysis of the response of soil deposits during earthquakes are presented. These methods include linear elastic analysis, a nonlinear analysis and an equivalent linear analysis. All these methods require that: (1) the surface of the layer, the interface between any two sublayers and the base of the layer is essentially horizontal, (2) the material properties of the layer are constant along any horizontal plane and (3) the applied seismic excitation is horizontal [3, 4]
The comparisons showed that Response spectral accelerations calculated for damping ratio of 5% by EERA is more than NERA and the value of the magnification of the soil in EERA is less than NERA, Comparison of maximum shear strain, maximum shear stress and maximum acceleration along the depth between NERA and EERA showed that is relatively little difference between them
Summary
These Earthquakes are caused by sudden slips on geological faults. Seismic waves are generated and propagate through the lithosphere up to the earth surface. The modification of the seismic movement due to local topographical and geotechnical conditions is called site effect This amplification or attenuation is obtained by comparing the response of a site with the one of a reference site, i.e. a site located on flat rock. These site effects are mainly observed at the top of hills or in alluvial valleys, where buildings suffer greater damage than might have been expected from their distance to the epicentre. Methods of analysis of the response of soil deposits during earthquakes are presented These methods include linear elastic analysis, a nonlinear analysis and an equivalent linear analysis. All these methods require that: (1) the surface of the layer, the interface between any two sublayers and the base of the layer is essentially horizontal, (2) the material properties of the layer are constant along any horizontal plane and (3) the applied seismic excitation is horizontal [3, 4]
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