Abstract
Karate training, despite the many positive health benefits, carries a risk of injury for participants. The current cross-sectional study aimed to investigate knee injury profiles among Iranian elite karatekas. Participants who attended the national team qualifiers, which included 390 male Kumite karatekas (age 24 ± 3 years old and weight 63 ± 12 kg), participated in this study. Information on knee injuries (injury history, type of injury mechanisms, and effects of knee symptoms on the ability to perform daily activities and recreational activities) were obtained using the Knee Outcome Survey (KOS). Using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, the study examined the relationships between different variables, including KOS subscales and levels of self-reported knee joint function. Our findings indicated that 287 karatekas (73.6%) experienced knee injuries. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture (6.9%), articular cartilage (5.4%), and meniscus damage (3.8%) were the main typology of injury. In addition, there were no differences in knee injuries between the non-dominant and dominant legs. Most injuries occurred during the preparatory period (n = 162, 50%), especially during training periods. The KOS subscales scores (Mean ± Sd) for activities of daily living (ADL) and sports activity (SAS) were, respectively, 89 ± 11 and 91 ± 9. The self-reported scores for both the ADL and SAS subscales were, respectively, 89 ± 11 and 90 ± 10. Pearson coefficients of ADL and SAS subscales with their self-reported score were r = 0.761 (p < 0.0001) and r = 0.782 and (p < 0.0001), respectively. The profile of knee injuries in the current investigation is similar to previous surveys that reported lower extremity injury patterns. The findings of this study could be adopted to inform practice aimed at planning interventions for the reduction and prevention of knee injuries among karatekas.
Highlights
Martial arts originated from China, Korea, and Japan and include techniques for fighting using different parts of the body
This study aimed to investigate the profile of knee injuries in Iranian elite karatekas
Discussion data were compatible with the studies of Piejko et al (2019) and Brito Antonio et al (2019), who demonstrated that the lower extremity and the knee were the most prevalent sites for injuries recorded in karatekas [31,32]
Summary
Martial arts originated from China, Korea, and Japan and include techniques for fighting using different parts of the body. The most important benefits of these exercises are increases in physical fitness, self-defense, flexibility, and self-confidence [1,2]. The martial arts have gained popularity over the years, and these eastern sports are practiced all over the world [3]. Karate is recognized as one of the most popular martial arts in the world, and its popularity continues to increase in Iran [4,5,6]. Karate competitions comprise two elements called kata (form) and Kumite (fighting). Kumite is an Olympic-style karate competition involving active movements that require maximum intensity to perform [7,8,9]
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