Abstract

Stationary and portable magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) generators are used in the Soviet Union for deep crustal electromagnetic soundings to depths of tens of kilometers. MHD sources produce tens of megarvatts of porver and transmit tens of thousands of amperes, but can only be fired at infrequent intervals. An alternative method of attaining a high signal-tonoise ratio is to transmit multiple low-power pulses and stack the repeated signals for some period of time. Energy may be also be stored during the transmitter off-time and released in a narrow pulse, a technology known as energy'storage or pulse-compression. Varying the pulse width has two opposing effects on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). As the transmitter pulse width is increased the received signal increases, but the number of transients that can be stacked in a given period of time decreases

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