An investigation of adsorption at the air–water and soil–water interfaces for non-micellizing ethylene oxide–propylene oxide surfactants

Abstract

Adsorption at the air–water interface and soil sorption from aqueous solution have been investigated for a group of ethylene oxide (EO)–propylene oxide (PO) block copolymeric surfactants. The group which have a common structural formula of EO m PO n EO m is distinguished by the fact that they have large critical micelle concentration (CMC) values and therefore do not readily form micelles at common environmental concentrations and temperatures. Adsorption at the air–water interface is readily shown to be driven by the size of the hydrophobic PO block. The size of the reduction in surface tension produced by a common concentration of 10 −5 mol dm −3 linearly increases with the size of the PO block as does the efficiency of adsorption at the air–water interface as measured by pC 20 – the negative logarithm of the surfactant concentration that produces a reduction in surface tension of 20 mN m −1. Soil sorption data have also been captured for these compounds and the data are readily fitted to the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. However soil sorption is shown to be inversely related to the molecular mass of the molecules and appears to be related to the size of the hydrophilic EO blocks in the molecule.