Abstract
Electronic equipment operating in harsh environments such as space is subjected to a range of threats. The most important of these is radiation that gives rise to permanent and transient errors on microelectronic components. The occurrence rate of transient errors is significantly more than permanent errors. The transient errors, or soft errors, emerge in two formats: control flow errors (CFEs) and data errors. Valuable research results have already appeared in literature at hardware and software levels for their alleviation. However, there is the basic assumption behind these works that the operating system is reliable and the focus is on other system levels. In this paper, we investigate the effects of soft errors on the operating system components and compare their vulnerability with that of application level components. Results show that soft errors in operating system components affect both operating system and application level components. Therefore, by providing endurance to operating system level components against soft errors, both operating system and application level components gain tolerance.
Highlights
Embedded system designers have two options for selecting electronic equipment that will operate in harsh environments such as space [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]: (i) High Reliability (Radiation Tolerant or Radiation Hardened) equipment and (ii) Commercial OffThe-Shelf (COTS) equipment
The most important type of faults caused by radiation in space is Single Event Upsets (SEU) that interferes with the behavior of microelectronic devices
26.21 59.75 4.17 9.87 0.00 (i) A Personal Computer (PC): it is used for the development of the test programs or the compilation of the benchmark programs
Summary
Embedded system designers have two options for selecting electronic equipment that will operate in harsh environments such as space [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]: (i) High Reliability (Radiation Tolerant or Radiation Hardened) equipment and (ii) Commercial OffThe-Shelf (COTS) equipment. The utilization of an operating system is essential in many cases It can manage important system parameters such as memory and time. In the application of soft error management methods at system level, the operating system has until now been neglected. The authors have previously published some papers on soft error management, all of which, like all the other software methods, have been applied in application level. Three significant methods previously developed by the authors, namely, Software-based Control Flow Checking (SCFC) [11], Control Checking Method for Multitask Environment (CFCME) [12], and Critical Path Duplication (CPD) [16] are used on operating system level and their performance is evaluated. (iii) comparison of vulnerability of operating system and application level components to soft errors
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