Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the current situation regarding the activities of daily living (ADL) of older adults living at home in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China and to analyze the associated factors of ADL performance so that we can provide references for the implementation of pension policies and long-term care insurance of older adults living at home.MethodsWe surveyed a total of 1040 older adults who live at home and receive home-based care in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region by a face-to-face evaluation. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors associated with ADL performance.ResultsIn the study, 82.79% of the older adults living at home can live independently. A total of 11.92% of the older adults have mild dysfunction, 4.33% have moderate dysfunction, and 0.96% have severe dysfunction. Multiple logistic analyses indicated that older adults with very difficult economic conditions (OR 3.212; 95% CI(1.209–8.534)) and without a spouse (OR 1.616; 95% CI(1.098–2.377)) were significantly associated with ADL limitations. In addition, the risks of ADL limitations in older adults aged 60–69 years and 70–79 years were 0.187 and 0.4307 times, respectively, that of older adults over 80 years old. The risk of ADL limitations in older adults of the Han nationality was 0.605 times that of the minority population. More highly educated and older adults without diseases have a lower risk of ADL limitations.ConclusionsCompared with the national average in China, the number of ADL limitations of older adults in Ningxia is greater and is associated with advanced age, ethnic minority status, low education level, low income, lacking a spouse and having diseases. As the number of older adults increases, maintaining and improving their ability to perform ADL and providing comfortable pension services and health services urgently need to be solved.
Highlights
To investigate the current situation regarding the activities of daily living (ADL) of older adults living at home in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China and to analyze the associated factors of ADL performance so that we can provide references for the implementation of pension policies and long-term care insurance of older adults living at home
Sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents and their ADL performance The average age of the 1040 older adults living at home was 70.48 years, and there were 129 people over 80 years old
A total of 82.79% (861 older adults) of the older adults in the study living at home could live independently
Summary
To investigate the current situation regarding the activities of daily living (ADL) of older adults living at home in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China and to analyze the associated factors of ADL performance so that we can provide references for the implementation of pension policies and long-term care insurance of older adults living at home. Compared with community pension services, home-based care in China often lacks mature community-supporting facilities, especially in remote areas with poor economic conditions and poor medical resources [3]. In areas with poor economic conditions and poor medical resources, such as the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China, most of the young people work outside of the area. Their parents can only live alone or live with their spouses. Many older adults living in rural or remote areas do not have pension insurance [6] Once they lose the activities of daily living (ADL), they will bring heavy care and economic burdens to their families. ADL comprise basic activities necessary for people to take care of themselves, maintain personal hygiene and carry out independent social activities in their daily lives, which are the most basic and common activities [7]
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