Abstract
Paraquantum Logics (PQL) has its origins in the fundamental concepts of the Paraconsistent Annotated Logics (PAL) whose main feature is to be capable of treating contradictory information. Based on a class of logics called Paraconsistent Logics with annotations of two values (PAL2v), PQL performs a logical treatment on signals obtained by measurements on physical quantities which are considered Observable Variables in the physical world. In the process of application of the PQL the obtained values are transformed in Evidence Degrees and represented on a Lattice of four Ver- tices where special equations transform these degrees into Paraquantum logical states ψ which propagate. The propagation of Paraquantum logical states provides us with results which can be interpreted and modeled through phenomena studied in physics. Using the paraquantum equations, we investigate the effects of balancing of Energies and the quantization and transience properties of the Paraquantum Logical Model in real Physical Systems. As a demonstration of the usage of the paraquantum equations we perform a numerical comparative study that applies the PQL to the Bohr’s model to find the energy levels of the Hydrogen atom. It is verified that the values of energy in each level of the Paraquantum logical model of the Hydrogen atom are close to the values found by the conventional way. The results through the Paraquantum Logic allow considering other important properties of the atom, as the forecast of number of electrons in each layer.
Highlights
The conception of physical system models that prove to be more efficient in order to respond to the analyses in extreme conditions becomes necessary when we verify inconsistencies in computation obtained from models which reproduce the same natural phenomenon but are from different areas of physics
Equation (28) shows that the maximum amount of any quantity in the physical environment is composed by two quantized fractions where: one is determined on the Paraquantum Logical state of Quantization ψhψ by the Paraquantum Factor of Quantization hψ and the other is determined by its complement (1 – hψ)
In this paper we presented the main concepts of the Paraquantum Logics (PQL) with applications on physical Systems
Summary
The conception of physical system models that prove to be more efficient in order to respond to the analyses in extreme conditions becomes necessary when we verify inconsistencies in computation obtained from models which reproduce the same natural phenomenon but are from different areas of physics (see [1,2]). Since the linear transformation T(X, Y) shown in (1) is expressed with evidence Degrees μ and λ, from (2), (3) and (1) we can represent a Paraconsistent logical state τ into Lattice τ of the PAL2v [4,5], such that:. A Paraquantum logical state ψ is created on the lattice of the PQL as the tuple formed by the certainty degree DC and the contradiction degree Dct [4]. Both values depend on the measurements performed on the Observable.
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