An Introduction to the Wonder 2D Nanomaterials: Synthetic Approaches and Fundamental Properties

Abstract

AbstractThe evolution of novel nanomaterials in the last decades has boomed the field of nanotechnology leading to the diversity of applications for sustainable growth. In the group of nanomaterials, the emerging two-dimensional (2D) materials are highlighted since the advent of graphene. This chapter introduces the 2D nanomaterials beyond graphene such as transition metal dichalcogenides, hexagonal boron nitride, 2D elemental nanomaterials (black phosphorus, borophene, silicene, etc.), MXenes, 2D perovskites, and metal oxides. Furthermore, this chapter systematically contributes to the synthesis approaches widely adopted for the growth of 2D nanomaterials. Discussions on the several types of bottom-up and top-down techniques, such as chemical vapour deposition, physical vapour deposition, plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition, wet chemical hydrothermal and chemical exfoliation methods, are addressed which have grown intense interest among the scientific as well as the industrial community. The 2D nanomaterials are considered as thin-layered capable of providing a larger surface area for both physical and chemical interactions that enable their unique properties. Therefore, some of the attributes, such as the properties and characterizations related to the structural, optical, electronic, thermal, magnetic, and mechanical properties of different 2D nanomaterials, are discussed. Finally, as a concluding remark, the future aspects of 2D nanomaterials are covered.Keywords2D nanomaterialsBottom-upTop-downStructureElectrical