An introduction to the biographical narrative interpretive method.

Abstract

To introduce the biographical narrative interpretive method (BNIM) to nurse researchers in search of a new methodology and method. Listening to and interpreting the narratives of patients is a core feature of nursing. Research methodologies and methods frequently do not fully take into account the historical, psycho-social and biographical dynamics of people's lives. This paper draws from the experiences of both authors who have previously utilised the BNIM method, as well as sourcing relevant literature. This is a methodology paper that reviews the historical context of BNIM and provides an overview of its potential application for nursing research. Discussion The core assumptions and analytic strategy of BNIM focus on three inter-related facets: the person's whole life history or story (biography), how they tell it (narrative) and the social interpretation (interpretive). BNIM uses a unique interviewing technique to elicit an uninterrupted story from participants. The BNIM analytic tool is formulaic and uses nine stages to analyse individual cases. A tenth stage helps with analysis across cases. BNIM methodology and methods empower participants to articulate the vicissitudes of their life and experiences of illness while also providing the researcher with a framework for data analysis and interpretation to give meaning to individuals' life stories. The BNIM interview technique and analytic framework are useful tools to help with an in-depth qualitative exploration of life stories in context.