An Introduction to Smart Energy Systems and Definition of Smart Energy Hubs

Abstract

The use of information and communication technology (ICT) and control systems in power systems has led to the creation of a concept called the smart grid. The development of this concept in power networks leads to optimal network control, optimal use of equipment, increased quality and reliability of power supply, facilitation of the integration of renewable energy sources (RES), optimal planning of the transmission and distribution systems, the development of the use of distributed generation (DG) and reduced system’s costs. However, in the past years, this concept has only been developed on the power grid and does not provide an accurate understanding of real energy systems. In real energy systems, different energy carriers and technologies interact, and a real energy system is a collection of these carriers and technologies. Therefore, the models presented for future sustainable energy systems should consider the integration of different energy infrastructure and the interaction of different energy carriers. In this regard, the concept of energy hub, in which the production, conversion, storage, and consumption of different energy carriers are considered in an intelligent framework, can provide a comprehensive model of future smart energy systems (SES). The main purpose of this chapter is to introduce the concept of smart energy hub (SEH). In this regard, an introduction to the concept of the smart grid, its definitions, features, and main challenges are presented. Finally, it discusses the framework of SEHs and their potential role in achieving a comprehensive model of SES in the future.