Abstract
Game theory is a branch of mathematics and economics that offers a unique lens through which to analyze strategic interactions among rational decision-makers. This paper provides a concise introduction to the fundamental concepts and applications of game theory. It explores the core components of games, including players, strategies, and payoffs, and distinguishes between normal form and extensive form games. Key classic games, such as the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Nash Equilibrium, are discussed to illustrate core principles. The paper also highlights the diverse applications of game theory in economics, political science, biology, and psychology, showcasing its versatility as a tool for understanding human behavior and decision-making in various fields. Whether you are a student new to the subject or a professional seeking a refresher, this introduction to game theory lays the foundation for a deeper appreciation of strategic thinking and its real-world implications.
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