An Intervention to Increase Condom Use Among Users of Chlamydia Self-Sampling Websites (Wrapped): Intervention Mapping and Think-Aloud Study.

Katie Newby,Ala Szczepura,Julia Bailey,Satyajit Das,Katherine Brown,Rik Crutzen,Tim Alston,John Saunders,Jonny Hunt,S Tariq Sadiq

doi:10.2196/11242

Abstract

BackgroundYoung people aged 16-24 years are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). STIs can have serious health consequences for affected individuals and the estimated annual cost of treatment to the National Health Service is £620 million. Accordingly, the UK government has made reducing the rates of STIs among this group a priority. A missed opportunity to intervene to increase condom use is when young people obtain self-sampling kits for STIs via the internet.ObjectiveOur aim was to develop a theory-based tailored intervention to increase condom use for 16-24-years-olds accessing chlamydia self-sampling websites.MethodsThe intervention, Wrapped, was developed using Intervention Mapping and was co-designed with young people. The following steps were performed: (1) identification of important determinants of condom use and evidence of their changeability using computer and digital interventions; (2) setting the intervention goal, performance objectives, and change objectives; (3) identification of Behavior Change Principles (BCPs) and practical strategies to target these determinants; and (4) development of intervention materials able to deliver the BCPs and practical strategies.ResultsUsers of existing chlamydia self-sampling websites are signposted to Wrapped after placing an order for a sampling kit. Salient barriers to condom use are identified by each user and relevant intervention components are allocated to target these. The components include the following: (1) a sample box of condoms, (2) an online condom distribution service, (3) a product for carrying condoms, (4) a condom demonstration video, (5) a series of videos on communication about condom use, and (6) erotic films of real couples discussing and demonstrating condom use.ConclusionsThis intervention will be directed at young people who may be particularly receptive to messages and support for behavior change due to their testing status.

Highlights

IntroductionAs part of the National Chlamydia Screening Programme (NCSP) [6], there are a number of websites offering free self-sampling kits to young people living in England for the STI Chlamydia trachomatis
The UK Department of Health has made reducing the rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) a priority, among young people who are disproportionately affected [1]
Salient barriers to condom use are identified by each user and relevant intervention components are allocated to target these

Summary

Introduction

As part of the National Chlamydia Screening Programme (NCSP) [6], there are a number of websites offering free self-sampling kits to young people living in England for the STI Chlamydia trachomatis. These kits are used by young people to collect a specimen, which is sent to a laboratory for testing. A total of 132,000 15-24-year-olds were tested via this route in 2017, representing once again an increase in use from the previous year [7] Those tested are at high risk of acquiring STIs and include groups that other services, such as general practice and community sexual and reproductive health services, have found difficult to engage [8]. A missed opportunity to intervene to increase condom use is when young people obtain self-sampling kits for STIs via the internet

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion