Abstract
Over the last decade, the increased use of information and communication technology (ICT) in agriculture applications has led to the definition of the concept of precision farming or equivalently smart agriculture. In this respect, the latest progress in connectivity, automation, images analysis and artificial intelligence allow farmers to monitor all production phases and, due to the help of automatic procedures, determine better treatments for their farms. One of the main objectives of a smart agriculture system is to improve the yield of the field. From this point of view, the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm plays a key role in precision farming applications due to the fact that the use of IoT sensors provides precise information about the health of the production. In this paper, the results of the recently concluded R&D project ENOTRIA TELLUS are reported. The project aimed at the development of all hardware/software components for implementing a precision farming architecture allowing the farmers to manage and monitor the vineyards’ health status. The smart architecture combines various sub-systems (web application, local controllers, unmanned aerial vehicles, multi-spectral cameras, weather sensors etc.) and electronic devices, each of them in charge of performing specific operations: remote data analysis, video processing for vegetation analysis, wireless data exchanges and weather and monitoring data evaluation. Two pilot sites were built where the smart architecture was tested and validated in real scenarios. Experimental activities show that the designed smart agriculture architecture allowed the farmers to properly schedule the various phases of cultivation and harvesting.
Highlights
In recent decades, due to the significant climate changes, the introduction of information and communication technologies (ICT) has been of paramount importance to support agriculture and to optimize crop productions
The experimental activities, which started in October 2019 and are still ongoing, have been useful to evaluate the environmental data collected in both pilot sites through our smart architecture
The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDV I) index was computed by accounting Equation (2) and, matched with the colors map reported in Figure 10 to determine the vineyard status and the grape harvest period
Summary
Due to the significant climate changes, the introduction of information and communication technologies (ICT) has been of paramount importance to support agriculture and to optimize crop productions. Contemporary agriculture borrows the logic of Industry 4.0 by combining the technologies typical of interconnected agriculture and precision farming, such as the Internet of Things, the Internet of Farming, Big Data Analytics, etc In this respect, smart agriculture applications are in charge to provide significant improvements to the sector, with a strong economic, environmental and social impact. The main goals of this ongoing revolution are related to the introduction of automation and digital technologies in the agriculture sector allowing the transition toward smart and sustainable farming [2] The technologies allowing this transition include the Internet of Things (IoT) [3], Artificial Intelligence (AI) [4], Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) [5,6], remote sensing and new applications in intelligent control and the automation of production processes [7]
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