Abstract
End-of-life vehicles (ELV) have become a global concern as automobiles have become popular worldwide. An international workshop was held to gather data and to discuss 3R policies and ELV recycling systems, their background and present situation, outcomes of related policies and programs, the framework of recycling and waste management, and case studies on related topics in several countries and regions, as well as the essential points of the comparison. Legislative ELV recycling systems are established in the EU, Japan, Korea, and China, while in the US, ELV recycling is managed under existing laws on environmental protection. Since automobile shredding residue (ASR) has a high calorific value and ash content, and includes heavy metals as well as a mass of unclassified fine particles, recycling ASR is considered highly difficult. Countries with a legislative ELV system commonly set a target for recovery rates, with many aiming for more than 95 % recovery. In order to reach this target, higher efficiency in ASR recovery is needed, in addition to material recycling of collectable components and metals. Environmentally friendly design was considered necessary at the planning and manufacturing stages, and the development of recycling systems and techniques in line with these changes are required for sound ELV management.
Highlights
End-of-life vehicles (ELV) have become a global concern as automobiles have become popular worldwide
Legislative ELV recycling systems are established in the EU, Japan, Korea, and China, while in the US, ELV recycling is managed under existing laws on environmental protection
Friendly design was considered necessary at the planning and manufacturing stages, and the development of recycling systems and techniques in line with these changes are required for sound ELV management
Summary
End-of-life vehicles (ELV) have become a global concern as automobiles have become popular worldwide. Automobile ownership worldwide has been increasing at a higher rate than the global population and reached more than 1 billion units in 2010 [1]. This trend is especially notable in Asia and in Central and South America. Since ELVs consist of more than 70 % iron, these have been traditionally traded as a valuable secondary resource, and their recycling has been conducted autonomously based on market mechanisms. Management of ELV recycling under a legislative framework is becoming increasingly important. In countries and regions where automobile ownership is rapidly increasing, there is the urgency to develop a legal framework for ELV recycling. European Parliament And Of The Council of 18 September 2000 on end-of life vehicles (enforced in 2000) [26]
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