Abstract
To mitigate the adverse impact of urbanization around the world, several best management practices, in other words green infrastructures, have been used in a way that protect the natural hydrology of the catchment and are more beneficial to the environment. Soak-away rain garden, shallow, landscaped depressions commonly located in parking lots or within small pockets in residential areas, is one of those best management practices or green infrastructures. However, though in the past few decades the mathematical modeling work and the science of computer simulation have enhanced the understanding of hydrological processes, there is still a lack of modeling studies that focus on understanding the three-dimensional (3D) hydrological processes, such as the 3D ex-filtration process of a soak-away rain garden in a sufficient level of details. Thus, this paper develops a 3D mathematical model to represent the hydrological processes of a soak-away rain garden using COMSOL Multiphysics Java API, a Java-based interface of COMSOL Multiphysics. The developed model is demonstrated with a design hyetograph of 3-month average rainfall intensities of Singapore.
Highlights
Urban development due to population growth and economic development has increased the impervious surfaces created by buildings and pavements
To mitigate the adverse impact of urbanization around the world, several best management practices, in other words green infrastructures, have been used in a way that protect the natural hydrology of the catchment and are more beneficial to the environment [1]-[5]
Soak-away rain gardens, shallow, landscaped depressions commonly located in parking lots or within small pockets in residential areas, receive stormwater runoff, and attenuate surface water and enable it to percolate into the surrounding ground
Summary
Urban development due to population growth and economic development has increased the impervious surfaces created by buildings and pavements. Soak-away rain garden is one of those best management practices or green infrastructures. A comprehensive mathematical modeling, which is the process of solving physical problems in the form of partial differential equations by appropriate simplification of reality, of soak-away rain gardens, though there are still a lack of modeling studies [2], can be a useful tool to provide a means to estimate output metrics for the purpose of guiding design and enhancing performance [1] [2]. COMSOL Multiphysics [6] [7] is one of those software packages that has been widely used in engineering applications as evidenced in many international conferences It is the objective of this study to develop a 3D mathematical model to represent the hydrological process of a soak-away rain garden using COMSOL Multiphysics Java API, a Javabased interface of COMSOL Multiphysics
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