An Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Domain Adaptation and Its Application for Bearings Under Polytropic Working Conditions

Abstract

In engineering practice, mechanical equipment is usually in polytropic working conditions, where the data distribution of training set and test set is inconsistent, resulting in insufficient generalization ability of the intelligent diagnosis model. Simultaneously, different tasks often need to be modeled separately. Domain adaptation, as one of the research contents of transfer learning, has certain advantages in solving the problem of inconsistent feature distribution. This article designs and establishes a domain adaptation framework based on multiscale mixed domain feature (DA-MMDF) for cross-domain intelligent fault diagnosis of rolling bearings under polytropic working conditions. The proposed method first uses the MMDF extractor to obtain features from the collected data, which constructs a complete feature space through variational mode decomposition (VMD) and mixed domain feature extraction to fully mine the state information and intrinsic attributes of the vibration signal. Second, the dimensionality reduction and optimization of features are achieved through extreme gradient promotion, and meaningful and sensitive features are selected according to the importance of features to eliminate redundant information. The optimized important features are combined with the manifold embedded distribution alignment method to realize the distribution alignment of data in different fields and cross-domain diagnosis. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, the rolling bearing data sets gathered from the laboratories are employed and analyzed. The analysis result confirms that DA-MMDF is able to achieve effective transfer diagnosis between polytropic working conditions. Compared with traditional intelligent fault diagnosis methods and DA methods, the method proposed in this article achieved the state-of-the-art performances.