An integrative process of bioconversion of oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber to ethanol with on-site cellulase production.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to efficiently convert oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber (OPEFB), one of the most commonly generated lingo-wastes in Southeast Asia, into both cellulase and bioethanol. The unprocessed cellulase crude (37.29%) produced under solid-state fermentation using OPEFB as substrate showed a better reducing sugar yield using filter paper than the commercial enzyme blend (34.61%). Organosolv pretreatment method could efficiently reduce hemicellulose (24.3-18.6%) and lignin (35.2-22.1%) content and increase cellulose content (40.5-59.3%) from OPEFB. Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated OPEFB using the crude cellulase with 20% solid content, enzyme loading of 15 FPU/g OPEFB at 50 °C, and pH 5.5 resulted in a OPEFB hydrolysate containing 36.01 g/L glucose after 72 h. Fermentation of the hydrolysate medium produced 17.64 g/L ethanol with 0.49 g/g yield from glucose and 0.088 g/g yield from OPEFB at 8 h using Saccharomyces cerevisiae.