Abstract
Society 5.0 refers to an advanced society based on big data, artificial intelligence, sensors, and robots to improve many aspects of life in a smart city. The role of sensors in Society 5.0 is critical. Sensors and the Internet of Things can be considered to work as a service system. Specifically, sensors can track millions of objects to support city security. This article considers the competitive sensor networks in terms of Quality of Service, which can be quantified by service price. The sensors are modeled as an <formula><tex>$M/M/1/n$</tex></formula> queueing service system with a location on a secured grid area. A competitive admission fee is considered for tracking orders from society, which makes the arriving tracking demands price-sensitive. Moreover, a bi-level nonlinear program is developed wherein the first level maximizes the sensors’ revenue and social benefit revenue while also minimizing the wait time of tracking orders from society; in the second level, the expected damage cost is minimized from a disruptive scenario toward valuable infrastructure. Moreover, the second-level model is linearized, and it solves the problem by a branch and bound and enumeration algorithm. Finally, an illustrative example of the proposed model is presented.
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