An integrated oxygen electrode derived from a flexible single-walled carbon nanotube film for rechargeable Zn-air batteries produced by electropolymerization

Abstract

The development of low-cost, high-activity, and durable integrated bifunctional flexible air electrodes for use in Zn-air batteries is both challenging and important. We report a simple and scalable electropolymerization method used to prepare an electrode material comprising heavily N-doped carbon covering single-walled carbon nanotube (N/C-SWCNT) networks. The resulting core/shell structure of the hybrid electrode enabled the flexibility, mechanics, and three-dimensional interconnected porous structure of SWCNT films while containing abundant pyridinic N, which provided excellent catalytic activity for both the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (overpotential gap = 0.76 V). A binder-free Zn-air battery using the N/C-SWCNT film as an oxygen electrode was assembled and showed a high peak power density of 181 mW/cm2, a high specific capacity of 810 mAh/g and stable discharge‒charge cycling performance. We also constructed a flexible solid-state Zn-air battery featuring not only a high power density of 22 mW/cm2 but also good flexibility and stability.