Abstract
To improve the efficiency of multimodal evacuation, a network aggregation method and an integrated contraflow strategy are proposed in this paper. The network aggregation method indicates the uncertain evacuation demand on the arterial subnetwork and balances accuracy and efficiency by refining the local road subnetworks. The integrated contraflow strategy contains three arterial configurations: noncontraflow to shorten the strategy setup time, full-lane contraflow to maximize the evacuation network capacity, and bus contraflow to realize the transit cycle operation. The application of this strategy takes two steps to provide transit priority during evacuation: solve the transit-based evacuation problem with a minimum-cost flow model, firstly, and then address the auto-based evacuation problem with a bilevel network flow model. The numerical results from optimizing an evacuation network for a super typhoon justify the validness and usefulness of the network aggregation method and the integrated contraflow strategy.
Highlights
Emergency evacuation has long been a topic in hazard preparedness and response management
According to the methodological framework of integrated contraflow strategy, we develop a two-stage solution method to tackle the proposed optimization models
The transit-based evacuation problem can be seen as a minimum-cost flow problem with multiple origin nodes and single super destination node
Summary
Emergency evacuation has long been a topic in hazard preparedness and response management. The evacuation planning of advance-notice emergencies (such as hurricane and flood) with long warning time and large geographic scale is a challenging problem because of the unexpected traffic demand, complex road networks, and uncertain driver behaviors. The evacuation of the low-mobility population that has little access to personal vehicles, has not been fully investigated [1]. Using transportation simulation system TRANSIMS [5], VISSIM [6], and DynusT [7], researchers developed various traffic management frameworks to simulate multimodal evacuation and to evaluate the efficiency of different modes. Wang et al presented a multiple-objective optimization model with the consideration of evacuation priorities and traffic setup time in the multimodal evacuation problem [10]
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