Year-end Sale % OFF 
Abstract
With the increase in biotechnological, environmental, and nutraceutical importance of algae, about 100 whole genomic sequences of algae have been published, and this figure is expected to double in the coming years. The phenotypic and ecological diversity among algae hints at the range of functional capabilities encoded by algal genomes. In order to explore the biodiversity of algae and fully exploit their commercial potential, understanding their evolutionary, structural, functional, and developmental aspects at genomic level is a pre-requisite. So forth, the algal genomic analysis revealed us that algae evolved through endosymbiotic gene transfer, giving rise to around eight phyla. Amongst the diverse algal species, the unicellular green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has attained the status of model organism as it is an ideal organism to elucidate the biological processes critical to plants and animals, as well as commercialized to produce range of bio-products. For this review, an overview of evolutionary process of algae through endosymbiosis in the light of genomics, as well as the phylogenomic, studies supporting the evolutionary process of algae was reviewed. Algal genomics not only helped us to understand the evolutionary history of algae but also may have an impact on our future by helping to create algae-based products and future biotechnological approaches.
Highlights
The application of genomic approaches, such as genome sequencing and gene function analysis, to algal research has caused a step change in our understanding of algal biology, ecology, and evolution
C. reinhardtii appears as one such algae which have a prominent role in basic research on algae that has allowed scientists to understand and genetically engineer algal metabolism
C. reinhardtii is among the first engineered algae to be studied at commercial scale; it helped to understand and improve the production of biofuels and bio-products in algae [69]
Summary
The application of genomic approaches, such as genome sequencing and gene function analysis, to algal research has caused a step change in our understanding of algal biology, ecology, and evolution. Algae diversity range from tiny unicellular microalgae to giant seaweeds which can grow over 50 m long, abundantly found in virtually every ecosystem [5] These ancient organisms are defined as unicellular or multicellular photosynthetic organisms regarded as polyphyletic due to morphological resemblance with plants but do not share a common ancestor [6]. It is thought that they came into existence when a photosynthetic cyanobacteria invaded a unicellular eukaryote giving rise to double-membranous primary plastid This is known as primary endosymbiosis and as a result of this endosymbiosis Green algae (Chlorophytes and other land plants), Red algae (Rhodophytes), and Glaucophytes came into existence [10]. The famous algal-food wakame, nori, or wrap for sushi is rich in nutrition They are used as animal feed to improve animal health and quality of animal meat [17]. In order to explore the biodiversity of algae and fully exploit their commercial potential, understanding their evolutionary, structural, functional, and developmental aspects at genomic level is a pre-requisite
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
