Abstract
As a continuation of our search for biologically active mushroom species the present study investigates in vitro antidiabetic properties of six edible and medicinal mushroom species: Agaricus blazei Murrill, Coprinus comatus (O.F. Müll.) Pers., Cordyceps militaris (L.) Fr., Inonotus obliquus (Ach. ex Pers.) Pilát, Morchella conica Pers. and Phellinus linteus Berk. & M.A. Curtis. In vitro assays on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes inhibition were performed with methanolic extracts of the selected mushrooms. Furthermore, we calculated the necessary daily intake of mushroom extracts and dry mushroom powders based on the equivalent doses of therapeutic drug acarbose given to diabetic patients per day. Our comparative study on enzymes inhibition showed that the most promising potential is ascribed to Inonotus obliquus extract, while no inhibition of α-amylase was recorded with Morchella conica and Cordycepsmilitaris methanolic extract at the tested concentration. This comparative study is the first highlighting in vitro antidiabetic potential by inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase with methanolic extracts; which makes the investigated species more promising for the diabetes type-2 treatment by an additional and different mechanism of action.
Highlights
Mushrooms are important dietary components in some cultures, consumed in daily diet as supplementary food since olden times (Soković et al, 2016)
It is confirmed that mushroom extracts contain diverse compounds such as alkaloids, fibers, lectins, protein, polyphenols and polysaccharides, which are contributing to their biological activities (Popović et al, 2013)
Six edible and medicinal mushroom species were used in this study: A. blazei Murrill, C. comatus (O.F.Müll.) Pers., C. militaris (L.) Fr., I. obliquus (Ach. ex Pers.) Pilát, M. conica Pers. and P. linteus Berk. & M.A
Summary
Mushrooms are important dietary components in some cultures, consumed in daily diet as supplementary food since olden times (Soković et al, 2016). Mushroom extracts are increasingly consumed because of their health beneficial effects, including the enhancement of immune function and antitumor activity (Popović et al, 2013). Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder of metabolism followed by abnormal rise in plasma glucose levels, as a consequence of unequilibrated insulin production and/or insensitivity to the effect of this hormone in signal transduction of cellular receptors. These metabolic changes are accompanied by modifications in carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. One of the effective strategies for diabetes type-2 management is the inhibition of complex polysaccharide hydrolysis by pancreatic α-amylase and absorption limitation of glucose by inhibiting intestinal α-glucosidase enzyme. In vitro assays on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition were performed with methanolic extracts of the selected mushrooms
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