Abstract
This paper investigates the combined effects of Ambient Temperature and Relative Humidity on the performance of a uniform speed single shaft Gas Turbine, sited in Tropical Monsoon climate. A single shaft gas turbine simulator (known as GPAL) from Gas path Analysis ltd was employed. The City of Portharcourt, Nigeria, was chosen to represent the tropical monsoon climate, with its climatic data of monthly ambient temperature and relative humidity obtained from Koppen. With parameters like speed, reference power, inlet and exhaust losses kept constant, the ambient temperature and relative humidity were continually varied according to their climatic values. Each time, the performance of the gas turbine was simulated and parameters such as; Efficiency, Turbine power and Net power output, Turbine inlet Temperature and Exhaust Gas Temperature, as well as Specific fuel consumption were monitored. The environmental impact of the gas turbine was equally assessed in terms of Carbon (IV) Oxide (CO2) emission in Tonnes/day and in Kg/MWhr, NOX emission and Carbon Monoxide (CO) emission. The results of the study indicate that it is most efficient and productive to operate the gas turbine in Portharcourt in the months of January and December whereas it is least efficient in the month of April. Whereas CO emission was relatively low and uniform throughout the year, the highest specific fuel consumption was recorded in April.
Highlights
The gas turbine is widely used in industrial applications that require power
The gas path analysis software was used in harmony with (1) to (23) to establish the behaviours of thermal efficiency, power output, air flow and fuel flow with variation in pressure ratio. it was used to model the combined effects of variation in ambient temperature and relative humidity with inputs from Table I and Fig. 4 on; thermal efficiency, turbine power, net power output, the specific fuel consumption and emissions
The performance of the gas turbine using a maximum cycle temperature of 1395k was analyzed. it was established that the thermal efficiency of a single shaft uniform speed, simple cycle gas turbine is dependent on the pressure ratio as shown in Fig. 5. the thermal efficiency increased with increase in pressure ratio. at maximum possible thermal efficiency, when t2 tends to t3, the thermal efficiency would be zero as the pressure ratio tends to 1. this was not achieved based on the turbine inlet temperature involved. according to Razak A
Summary
The gas turbine is widely used in industrial applications that require power This power is employed in driving equipment such as pumps and process compressors or for electricity generation [1]. Energy is added by spraying fuel into the air and igniting it so the combustion generates a high-temperature flow This high temperature high-pressure gas enters a turbine, where it expands down to the exhaust pressure, producing a shaft work output in the process. In an ideal gas turbine, gases undergo four thermodynamic processes: an adiabatic compression, isobaric combustion, adiabatic expansion and isobaric heat rejection. Together, these make up the Brayton cycle [4]. The higher the efficiency of the components, the better will be the performance of the gas turbine, resulting in increased power output and thermal efficiency
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