Abstract
The recent development of the IoT (Internet of Things), which has enabled new types of sensors that can be easily interconnected to the Internet, will also have a significant impact in the near future on the management of natural disasters (mainly earthquakes and floods) with the aim of improving effectiveness in research, identification, and recovery of missing persons, and therefore increasing the possibility of saving lives. In this paper, more specifically, an innovative technique is proposed for the search and identification of missing persons in natural disaster scenarios by employing a drone-femtocell system and devising an algorithm capable of locating any mobile terminal in a given monitoring area. In particular, through a series of power measurements based on the reference signal received power (RSRP), the algorithm allows for the classification of the terminal inside or outside the monitoring area and subsequently identify the position with an accuracy of about 1 m, even in the presence of obstacles that act in such a way as to make the propagation of the radio signal non-isotropic.
Highlights
The possibility of new technologies able to detect the possible presence of missing persons involved in a calamitous event such as an earthquake or a flood is of great interest for civil protection organizations
Classification phase, which allows the classification of the terminals within or outside the various monitoring areas, considering, or not, the additional attenuation; Localization phase, which allows the insertion of the scene in question and the data obtained from the measurements in the field, subsequently applying the localization algorithm of the mobile terminal
The circumference in blue of the discrimination tothe distinguish is calculated considering therepresents mean RSRPthe value of the power measurementsthreshold obtained by droneby the drone-femtocell system that runs along the entire perimeter of the monitoring area, with respect femtocell system that runs along theor entire perimeter the monitoring area, respect the to athreshold mobile whether the related terminal is external internal to theofmonitoring area
Summary
The possibility of new technologies able to detect the possible presence of missing persons involved in a calamitous event such as an earthquake or a flood is of great interest for civil protection organizations. An innovative technique is proposed for the search and identification of missing persons in natural disaster scenarios by employing a drone-femtocell system and devising an algorithm capable of locating any mobile terminals in a given monitoring area. It is a well-known fact that in the hours following a calamitous event, traditional radio base stations (BTS, base transceiver station) are very likely to be out of service or that, due to the attenuation of the radio frequency (RF).
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