Abstract
Globally, wound infections are considered as one of the major healthcare problems owing to the delayed healing process in diabetic patients and microbial contamination. Thus, the development of advanced materials for wound skin repair is of great research interest. Even though several biomaterials were identified as wound healing agents, gel-based scaffolds derived from either polymer or small molecules have displayed promising wound closure mechanism. Herein, for the first time, we report an injectable and self-healing self-assembled anesthetic oleogel derived from glycolipid, which exhibits antibiofilm and wound closure performance in diabetic rat. Glycolipid derived by the reaction of hydrophobic vinyl ester with α-chloralose in the presence of novozyme 435 undergoes spontaneous self-assembly in paraffin oil furnished an oleogel displaying self-healing behavior. In addition, we have prepared composite gel by encapsulating curcumin in the 3D fibrous network of oleogel. More interestingly, glycolipid in its native form demoed potential in disassembling methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Both oleogel and composite gel enhanced the wound skin repair in diabetic induced Wistar rats by promoting collagen synthesis, controlling free radical generation and further regulating tissue remodeling phases. Altogether, the reported supramolecular self-assembled anesthetic glycolipid could be potentially used for diabetic skin wound repair and to treat bacterial biofilm related infections.
Highlights
Wound infections are considered as one of the major healthcare problems owing to the delayed healing process in diabetic patients and microbial contamination
It is worth mentioning that the delayed closure of chronic wounds in diabetic patients encompasses improper angiogenesis, enormous production of free radicals, lack of cell to cell communication, suppressed cell migration, substandard production of extracellular matrix (ECM) and growth factors in the wound environment[2]
Glycolipid 3 was synthesized by the enzymatic transesterification of α-chloralose with vinyl palmitate using Novozyme 435 by following the procedure described in our previous report (Scheme 1)[38]
Summary
Wound infections are considered as one of the major healthcare problems owing to the delayed healing process in diabetic patients and microbial contamination. Rheological studies clearly establish the injectable nature of both oleogel and composite gel derived from glycolipid 3, which would help in wound closure by regulating the overlapping phases. Since antibacterial and antibiofilm results were highly promising, we were curious to investigate the wound closure behavior of oleogel and composite gel in diabetic rats.
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