An information technology (IT) based approach for enhancing prompt and effective post-disaster reconstruction

Abstract

Information technology (IT) has become strongly established as a supporting tool for many professional tasks in recent years. One application of IT, namely the knowledge management system, has attracted significant attention requiring further exploration as it has the potential to enhance processes, based on the expertise of the decision-makers. A knowledge management system can undertake intelligent tasks in a specific domain that is normally performed by highly skilled people. Typically, the success of such a system relies on the ability to represent the knowledge for a particular subject. Post-disaster reconstruction and rehabilitation is a complex issue with several dimensions. Government, nongovernmental and international organizations have their own stakes in disaster recovery programs, and links must be established among them, as well as with the community. Concerning the post-disaster reconstruction scenario, the most significant factor is the prompt decision making based on best possible information available. Ef ective post-disaster response is crucial and lies at the heart of disaster management agency in almost every cautious country around the globe. This paper presents a theoretical framework leveraging on IT for developing a knowledge management approach for enhancing prompt and effective post-disaster reconstruction. The conceptual model consists of two main IT based components of knowledge management system, i.e., a knowledgebase and a decision support shell for making more informed decisions for effective and timely response in post-disaster reconstruction scenario. The system is expected to assist in improving reconstruction project processes, coordination and team building process because the most likely areas on which to focus to reduce unwise decision can be identified during the early stage of the post-disaster scenario. Tapping on the past experiences of post-disaster scenarios, the knowledge management system provides a wealth of pertinent and useful information for decision makers and eventually enhance collaborative venture. Development is a dynamic process, and disasters are thopportunities to vitalize and/or revitalize this process, especially to generate local economies, and to upgrade livelihood and living condition. The success of the reconstruction phases i.e., rescue, relief and rehabilitation is mainly dependent on the availability of efficient project team and timely information for informed decision. By having the knowledge-base and a systematic way to make well-informed decisions, the efficiency of project team andthe likelihood of strong coordination and eventually project success should increase. The study would assist professionals from academia and industry involved in research and reconstruction projects. The system would be helpful for them to take