Abstract

This article provides an overview of mud volcanoes (MV) of the Lower Kura region (Azerbaijan). The Lower Kura Depression (LKD) occupies the southeastern part of the Kura-Araks lowlands. Tectonically the LKD is considered to be the eastern edge belonging to the west board of the South Caspian Basin (SCB). The large thickness of sedimentary deposits, reaching 25 km, and the high rate of sedimentation are consequences of the activity of the Paleovolga and Paleokura. Mud volcanic structures in the region are widespread and associated mainly with longitudinal fault dislocations of large amplitude. This paper provides an assessment of numerous research data from studies of mud volcanic products of the Lower Kura Basin. Using the PETROMOD software package, mud volcanoes, and the main factors of their formation were analyzed and physical models were built. The identified differences in the chemical composition of gases and water, kerogen types of organic matter contained in rock emissions, make it possible to improve the understanding of sediments located in deep zones, poorly studied or not yet opened. The conducted research and analysis once again prove that the use of new methods for studying mud volcanism, giving preference to comprehensive analysis, is an important requirement of oil and gas geology.

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