Abstract
An inductorless modulator driver with effective overshoot suppression and a large swing for high-speed optical communications is presented. A novel interleave frequency variant feedback (IFVF) technique is proposed, which employs active feedback loops with the RC degeneration. The <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$RC$ </tex-math></inline-formula> degeneration allows place the pole in the overall transfer function to shape the waveform for overshoot and ringing suppression. Using a 90-nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, the driver achieves a maximum 3.4 Vpp differential output voltage swing. Clear eye diagrams for non-return to zero (NRZ) and pulse amplitude modulation 4-level (PAM4) signal formats can be obtained up to 32 Gb/s and 20 Gbaud, respectively. The circuit consumes a total power of 560 mW and occupies a core area of only 0.092 mm2.
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