An indirect fluorescent antibody staining technique for determining population levels ofThiobacillus ferrooxidans in acid mine drainage waters

Abstract

Thiobacillus ferrooxidans is believed to be responsible for the oxidation of ferrous ion at low pH, the rate-limiting step in the oxidation of pyrite ores and subsequent formation of acid mine drainage (AMD). It has been suggested that efforts to control this environmental problem include procedures that would inhibit this bacterium. At present, a most probable number (MPN) procedure requiring a minimum of 10 days is used to enumerate this microorganism in natural waters. If control of AMD through inhibition ofT. ferrooxidans is to be feasible, it will be necessary to develop a more rapid method to determine population levels to facilitate application of control measures.An indirect fluorescent antibody (FA) staining technique was developed for this purpose which provided reliable estimates within a few hours. Artificial samples containing approximated numbers ofT. ferrooxidans were analyzed using the FA and MPN procedures, and the FA technique more closely approximated expected numbers of cells. The MPN method was excessively conservative, detecting only 3% to 21% of the cells enumerated by the FA procedure.