An Inclusive Study on the Effect of Strain Rate on the Stress-Strain Behavior and the Undrained Shear Strength of Clay Soils in Kombolcha, Ethiopia

S Mohammed,A T Ayalew,A E Koshuma,R K Verma,D K Dasho,R B Sangalang,V R Pampana,D D Dirate

doi:10.48084/etasr.4626

Abstract

This research aims to study the effect of strain rate on the stress-strain association and shear strength of clay soils in Kombolcha, Ethiopia. Field and laboratory experimentations were conducted on 3 soil samples collected at 4.5m depth, considering the physical and engineering properties of the soil. Unconsolidated, undrained triaxial compression tests were performed under confining pressure on the specimens that were axially loaded at a rate of strain varying from 0.38mm/min to 1.14mm/min by taking 2 points above and below 1% of the specimen height. Stress-strain relations were developed under the stated different rates of strains to describe their effect. It was revealed that the strain rate effect was observed. By increasing the strain rate shifts the stress-strain curve upward, and the corresponding shear strength of the soil also increased under effective stress. Accordingly, the strain rate increased the shear parameters. The average angle of friction increased by 13.43%, 15.08%, 13.18%, and 14.33% when the rate of strain changed from 0.38 to 0.57mm/min, 0.57 to 0.76mm/min, 0.76 to 0.95mm/min, and 0.95 to 1.14mm/min respectively, while the average cohesion increased by 17.67%, 19.52%, 14.87%, and 16.48%. The failure at strain rate 1%/min of sample height (0.76mm/min) was uniformly distributed and there was uniform pore pressure distribution throughout the sample height. The effect is slightly more when the shear strength increased at the left side than at the right side. Average shear strength parameters such as cohesion and angle friction were recorded for strain rates from 0.57mm/min to 1.25mm/min specifically for the clay soils found in Kombolcha town, Ethiopia.

Highlights

Investigation on the properties of soil is significant in designing and building structures with foundations secured by materials such as soils and/or rocks
It was observed that an increase in confining pressure shifts the stressstrain curve upward with different patterns, which illustrate the increase in shear strength up to the failure point
At higher strain rates (0.75 to 1.25mm/min) produced in higher undrained shear strength for the clay soil samples, the results show that the failure at the strain rate of 1%/min (0.76mm/min) of sample height is uniformly distributed and there is uniform pore pressure distribution throughout the sample height

Summary

Introduction

Investigation on the properties of soil is significant in designing and building structures with foundations secured by materials such as soils and/or rocks. Soils have a maximum shearing resistance that they can sustain to the applied shear stress, which is a function of the effective normal stress that can determine its magnitude [1]. Shearing resistance is developed by friction, interparticle forces, cementation, or bonding at particle contacts, if the effective normal stress is zero, the shearing resistance must be zero (unless there is cementation between the particles). If at a point on any plane within a soil mass the shear stress becomes equal to the shear strength of the soil failure will occur. One of the factors that affect the shear strength of the soil is the strain rate [2]. The peak shear resistance increases from slow to fast strain rate

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