An incidence survey of the female athlete triad in school and college level female athletes in Dakshina Karnataka, India

Abstract

Introduction: The female athlete triad (FAT) being a major health concern received global recognition, but not much effort has been put in this direction in India. Aim and Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of the FAT, in school and college level professional female athletes in Dakshina Karnataka, India. Materials and Methods: Survey was conducted using a cluster sampling technique on 64 female athletes between the age group of 15 and 22 years, actively involved in any sports for at least 2 years. The three components of the triad were assessed using standardized, valid, and reliable tools of assessment. Eating disorders were assessed using Eating Attitude Test-26 Scale. Peripheral ankle dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry used to assess bone mineral density. Menstrual abnormalities were assessed based on the predetermined set of questions. Data Interpretations and Results: Descriptive statistics revealed that 6% of the sample studied suffers from FAT, 19% have two components, and 33% have one component positive, that is, they are at high risk of the positive triad. Conclusion: The incidence of the FAT is low, but a significant proportion of the studied sample is at high risk for the triad.