Abstract
A micronucleus assay in vivo has been developed that is based on the use of freshly isolated kidney cells from mononephrectomized rats. In this validation study, a statistically significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated cells was detected in rats given i.p. a single dose of four kidney carcinogens, N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosodiethylamine, N-ethyl- N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine and N-nitroso- N-methylurea. The clastogenic effect was more marked when the same dose was injected for 3 successive days. As compared to controls, treated rats displayed a reduction in the frequency of binucleated cells, presumably due to a toxicity-induced inhibition of cellular proliferation. The proposed method should be suitable for the detection of the clastogenic effect of procarcinogens biotransformed into reactive species in the kidney.
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