Abstract
AIMS: To describe the optimum conditions for successful free-hand ultrasound guided intervention using an in-vitro experiment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Optimal free-hand biopsy conditions were determined using targets buried in a purpose-built interventional phantom. The needle/probe distance and probe/phantom surface angle were changed whilst recording the needle track lengths and needle conspicuity. RESULTS: Optimal free-hand conditions included a needle/probe distance of 2–3cm in combination with a needle/probe angle 55–60°. This enabled excellent needle conspicuity with short needle track length and early needle tip visualization. CONCLUSION: Understanding how to optimize the free-hand conditions will help the interventionalist to obtain greater performance using a variety of puncture devices. This concept is likely to be particularly important to the novice interventionalist as well as to those teaching the free-hand technique. Bradley, M. J.(2000). Clinical Radiology56, 495–498.
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