Abstract
BackgroundToday, the attention of researchers has been drawn to the use of medicinal plant for the treatment of kidney stones. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of five plants used in traditional medicine on the dissolution of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stones. Then, the ability of more effective plants to dissolve stones collected from patients after Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy was investigated.MethodsThe aerial part of plants were extracted by maceration method. The synthesized stones in laboratory were incubated with different concentrations of the extract. Next, the concentrations of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate were measured by a calcium kit and BT 3000. The effect of the extract with the best activity on the stones collected from the patients was also studied. The composition of clinical stones was determined by colorimetric method. The total phenolic content (TPC) of the extracts was determined.ResultsThe highest dissolution of calcium oxalate stones was observed by the G. struthium extract and the highest dissolution of calcium phosphate stones by the A. euchroma and A. officinalis root extracts. The dissolution percentage of clinical stones by the A. euchroma extract was significantly higher than other extract (P < 0.05). The highest TPC was observed in A. euchroma extract (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe A. euchroma extract exhibited the greatest dissolution activity on laboratory calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stones as well as clinical stones made of high amounts of calcium oxalate. Therefore, the extract can be effective in preventing and treating kidney stones.
Highlights
Today, the attention of researchers has been drawn to the use of medicinal plant for the treatment of kidney stones
About 80% of all kidney stones are composed of oxalate calcium, and around 20% of kidney stones made of calcium phosphate which, like oxalate calcium stones, are formed as a result of increased calcium [2, 3]
Dissolution percentages of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stones According to the results of Kruskal-Wallis test, the dissolution percentages of oxalate calcium and calcium phosphate were significantly different depending on the type of extract (P = 0.001)
Summary
The attention of researchers has been drawn to the use of medicinal plant for the treatment of kidney stones. The spread of kidney stone disease is rising with a few numbers of effective drugs. This urological disorder affects about 12% of the world’s population [1]. The plant compounds contain volatile oils and flavonoids, making this vegetable play an unparalleled role in human health [14]. Various parts of these plants, including leaves, flowers and roots, have been proposed in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammation, severe cough, bronchitis, swelling, stomach ache, kidney stones and bladder diseases. Studies have shown that root and flower of different species of Alcea contain varied amounts of flavonoids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, mucilage, fibers, unsaturated fatty acids, minerals and albumin [14]
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