An in vitro comparison of fracture resistance of immature teeth subjected to apexification using three different bioactive materials

Abstract

To compare the fracture resistance of immature teeth subjected to apexification with three different bioactive materials. Sixty non-carious, single-rooted premolar teeth with straight canals were decoronated at cementoenamel junction, standardizing 13 mm length. After access preparation, the canals were accessed with #10 K-file followed by biomechanical preparation using Ni-Ti ProTaper Gold rotary files upto F3 and irrigation was done using 2 mL 3% NaOCl, 17% EDTA and 5 ml of saline. To simulate immature roots with open apices, #1–5 Peeso reamers were passed through the apex enlarging to 1.5 mm diameter. Later, samples were randomly divided into 4 different groups with 5mm apical plug in each group, Group I: GuttaFlow Bioseal, Group II: Biodentine, Group III: EndoSeal MTA and Group IV: Control group. Samples were filled with an apical plug of 5mm. Later, remaining part of the root canals was obturated with gutta-percha cones and AH Plus sealer by lateral condensation. To stimulate periodontal ligament lining of the root surfaces, C-Silicone light body impression material was used. The samples were stored for 1 week in 100% humidity at 37˚C to ensure that the sealer set in an environment that simulate the clinical situation. Later, fracture resistance was evaluated using the universal testing machine. Group II (Biodentine) showed highest fracture reisistance followed by Group I (GuttaFlow BioSeal) and Group III (EndoSeal MTA) Biodentine apexification groups showed highest fracture resistance values followed by GuttaFlow Bioseal and the least values were shown by EndoSeal MTA.