Abstract

Abstract In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the use of agricultural biomass for fermentation purposes; however, efficient strategies to counter lignocellulose inhibition are warranted to enhance xylitol production performance. Dilute-acid hydrolysis has been studied to selectively release a significant portion of xylose from hemicellulose, while leaving cellulose and lignin intact. The formation of inhibitory compounds, however, could jeopardise the overall performance during fermentation to produce xylitol. In this study, the fermentability of nitric acid-hydrolysed kenaf stem was substantially improved, through either adaptive evolution of the recombinant Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) or removal of fermentation inhibitors by detoxification with activated carbon. Both methods were compared to evaluate the superiority in fermentative performance. In the fermentation with detoxified hemicellulosic hydrolysate, the non-adapted strain produced the highest xylitol concentration of up to 6.8 g/L, with 61.5% xylose consumption. The yields of xylitol production involving detoxification were successfully enhanced by 22.6% and by 35.7% compared to those involving adaptive evolution and raw hydrolysate, respectively. The results reported herein suggest that the utilization of detoxified kenaf stem hydrolysate could be advantageous.

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