Abstract
Improving the physical realism of oil spill scenes in marine simulators can further enhance the emergency response capabilities of officials in charge and crew members and help reduce losses caused by oil spill disasters. In order to uniformly simulate the spreading, drift, breakup, and merging of oil spills at sea, we propose an improved divergence-free position-based fluid (DFPBF) framework based on the particle number density model. In our DFPBF framework, the governing equations for oil spills and ocean are discretized by Lagrangian particles, and the incompressibility of oil spills and ocean is ensured by solving the divergence-free velocity constraint solver and constant density constraint solver. In order to stably simulate the fate and transport of oil spills with higher viscosity, we introduce an implicit viscosity solution scheme for our DFPBF framework. The implicit solver uses a splitting concept to decouple viscosity solve and adopts an implicit scheme to discretize the integration of viscous force. Moreover, our DFPBF framework can ensure a divergence-free velocity field before applying the implicit viscosity scheme, which avoids the undesired bulk viscosity effects. The simulation results show that our DFPBF framework can stably simulate oil spills of various viscosities, especially high-viscosity crude oils.
Highlights
Oil spills at sea are one of the most dangerous maritime disasters
We mainly focus on the physical movement process of oil spills in the early stage, that is, spreading and drift. e main theme of this paper is as follows: (1) In this paper, we introduce an improved divergence-free position-based fluid (DFPBF) framework to model oil spill scenarios. e DFPBF framework is the application of the concept of position-based dynamics in fluid simulation. e DFPBF framework is a meshless method that discretizes the problem domain into a series of fluid particles carrying physical quantities, which has great advantages in simulating the spreading and drift of oil spills
We proposed a meshless DFPBF oil spill simulation framework. e problem domain is discrete by Lagrangian particles, which is very suitable for simulating the breaking and merging motion of the oil film. e particle number density model was used to calculate the physical quantities of Lagrangian particles, which can accurately estimate the physical quantities and handle density discontinuities at the interface between multiple fluids with varying rest densities
Summary
Oil spills at sea are one of the most dangerous maritime disasters. Oil pollution has a serious hazard to the marine ecological environment and marine biological resources. We mainly focus on the physical movement process of oil spills in the early stage, that is, spreading and drift. (1) In this paper, we introduce an improved DFPBF (divergence-free position-based fluid) framework to model oil spill scenarios. E DFPBF framework is a meshless method that discretizes the problem domain into a series of fluid particles carrying physical quantities, which has great advantages in simulating the spreading and drift of oil spills. The explicit viscosity solvers are usually more efficient, it requires a smaller time step to ensure stability when simulating higher viscosity oils, which will decrease the performance. Compared with the explicit solvers, the implicit viscosity solver can stably simulate oil spills with very high viscosity without being limited by the time step. Before applying the implicit viscosity solver, our DFPBF framework ensures a divergencefree velocity field through the velocity-based constraints, which avoids the undesired bulk viscosity effects. e implicit viscosity solver uses the matrixfree conjugate gradient method and the Jacobi preconditioner to accelerate convergence, which significantly improves the computation efficiency
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