Abstract
The directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) coordination is a useful tool in guaranteeing the safe protection of the power system by the proper coordination of primary and backup protection systems. The optimization model of this problem is non-linear and highly constrained. The main objective of this paper is to develop a hybridized version of the Whale optimization algorithm referred to as HWOA for the optimal coordination of the DOCRs. The hybridization is done by deploying the simulated annealing (SA) in the WOA algorithm in order to improve the best solution found after each iteration and enhance the exploitation by searching the most promising regions located by the WOA algorithm, which leads toward a globally optimum solution. The proposed algorithm has been applied to five test systems, including the IEEE 3-bus, 8-bus, 9-bus, 15-bus, and 30-bus test systems. Furthermore, the results obtained using the proposed HWOA are compared with those obtained using the traditional WOA and a number of up-to-date algorithms. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed HWOA in minimizing the relay operating time for the optimal coordination of the DOCRs.
Highlights
The electrical power system is a combination an electrical of the three sub systems that consists of generation, transmission and distribution system
This paper proposes a HWOA that is a combination of WOA and search algorithm (SA) algorithms for obtaining the optimal values of time dial setting (TDS) and plug setting (PS) in a directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) coordination problem in the power system, originally proposed by Mafarja et al [34] for feature selection
AND DISCUSSION the proposed HWOA based for optimal coordination of DOCRs has been successfully implemented on IEEE 3-bus, 8-bus, 9-bus, 15-bus and 30-bus system
Summary
The electrical power system is a combination an electrical of the three sub systems that consists of generation, transmission and distribution system. The transmission system is responsible to transmit power from centralized plants to the customer. This transmission systems consist of conventional and non-conventional sources. The wind, geothermal, biomass and solar energy comes in the category of non- conventional sources that is mostly renewable energy sources. As a result of this non-conventional DGs in distribution systems causes a number of advantages as well as create some new obstacles for power system engineers. The mal-operation of the protection system is
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