Abstract
Considering about the effect of whitecaps and foams on pulse-limited Radar Altimeters, an improved algorithm of retrieving sea surface wind speed is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a four-layer dielectric model is established in order to simulate an air-sea interface. Secondly, the microwave reflectivity of a sea surface covered by spray droplets and foams at 13.5 GHz is computed based on the established model. These computed results show that the effect of spray droplets and foams in high sea state conditions shall not be negligible on retrieving sea surface wind speed. Finally, compared with the analytical algorithms proposed by Zhao and some calculated results based on a three-layer dielectric model, an improved algorithm of retrieving sea surface wind speed is presented. At a high wind speed, the improved algorithm is in a better accord with some empirical algorithms such as Brown, Young ones and et al., and also in a good agreement with ZT and other algorithms at low wind speed. This new improved algorithm will be suitable not only for low wind speed retrieval, but also for high wind speed retrieval. Better accuracy and effectiveness of wind speed retrieval can also be obtained.
Highlights
Satellite radar altimetry research project could date back to the conference of solid earth and ocean physics held in Williamstown in 1969
The electrocovered sea surface based on a four-layer-medium model. magnetic wave from an altimeter penetrates into the air, The calculated results will be applied into retrieving sea and enters into the spray droplet layer and foams, surface wind speed at high sea states
Electromagnetic Scattering from the Sea Surface medium will be received by the altimeter. θ stands for the incident angle, d1 and d2 is the thickness of the droplets and foam layer (Figure 1), respectively
Summary
Satellite radar altimetry research project could date back to the conference of solid earth and ocean physics held in Williamstown in 1969. A. Zheng [11] computed the reflectivity of ( ) σ 0 = π R (θ ) 2 sec θ p ζ x ,ζ y a sea surface covered by whitecaps and foams at 13.9 GHz based on electromagnetic field theory of stratified ( ) where p ζ x ,ζ y is the probability density function of sea surface mean square slopes S 2 relating to wind media, and studied the effect of oceanic whitecaps and speed. Magnetic wave from an altimeter penetrates into the air, The calculated results will be applied into retrieving sea and enters into the spray droplet layer and foams, surface wind speed at high sea states. Electromagnetic Scattering from the Sea Surface medium will be received by the altimeter. θ stands for the incident angle, d1 and d2 is the thickness of the droplets and foam layer (Figure 1), respectively
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