Abstract
The method for extracting and separating hydrophobic photosynthetic pigments proposed by Katayama et al. (Japanese Journal of Phycology, 42, 71-77, 1994) has been improved to introduce it to student laboratories at the senior high school level. Silica gel powder was used for removing water from fresh materials prior to extracting pigments by a mixture of organic solvents that was also used for chromatographic separation of the pigments. A small silica gel thin-layer plate or a paper strip was used for separating the pigments. The improved method may be applicable to all kinds of plant materials including algae, is easier than most other methods, and can lead to more successful results in separating these pigments by both thin-layer chromatography and paper chromatography. The method has been carried out in student laboratories in some senior high schools and universities in Japan. The results indicate that this laboratory exercise is effective for students to recognise the unity and diversity of plants. Therefore, this laboratory seems to be useful for teaching plant systematics as well as for teaching photosynthesis.
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