Abstract
Changes in renal dimensions, including total kidney volume, not only inform ongoing renal disease but also disease progression. Determination of renal dimensions can inform drug efficacy, is important for matching recipients with potential donors, and to inform debulking of renal tumors. Imaging of kidney and application of the ellipse-based formula has become standard for estimating renal dimensions. Nevertheless, the existing ellipse-based formula underestimates renal dimensions including total kidney volume, regardless of the imaging modality used. Based on a model of murine kidney disease, this laboratory has previously proposed a modification to this formula which exhibits better estimation of renal dimensions. The present study sought to determine whether this modified formula is applicable to additional models of kidney disease. Kidneys were sourced from etiologically distinct murine and rat models of renal scarring. In each case, renal dimensions calculated using the existing ellipse-based formula was significantly lesser than the measured dimensions. By contrast, there was no difference between the measured dimensions and those calculated using the modified formula. In a model of polycystic kidney disease, total kidney volume calculated using the existing formula significantly underestimated measured kidney volume whereas use of the modified formula yielded a calculated kidney volume in excellent agreement with the measured volume. Use of this modified formula provides a better estimate of renal dimensions across a number of disease models.
Highlights
Accurate determination of renal dimensions is important in that it can inform presence and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) [1,2,3] and polycystic kidney disease (PKD) [4,5,6], inform inclusion criteria in PKD trials, and assessment of response to drugs in those trials [7]
Due to the significant role that renal dimensions play in monitoring renal disease, accurate determination of renal dimensions is critical
SD administered rats administered scarring withinscarring the glomerulus and kidneys obese extracellular exhibited within the glomerulus andfrom kidneys fromZSF1 obese rats
Summary
Accurate determination of renal dimensions is important in that it can inform presence and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) [1,2,3] and polycystic kidney disease (PKD) [4,5,6], inform inclusion criteria in PKD trials, and assessment of response to drugs in those trials [7]. Measurement of renal dimensions is critical to inform suitability of the donor kidney for implantation in the recipient especially within the pediatric population and patency of the transplanted kidney [8,9,10]. Due to the significant role that renal dimensions play in monitoring renal disease, accurate determination of renal dimensions is critical.
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