Abstract
The core size distribution is an important physical characteristic of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) because it seriously affects biomedical and biological applications. In this study, we proposed an improved method for estimating the distributions, which optimizes the excitation frequency based on AC susceptibility to avoid the effects of Brownian relaxation. Moreover, the first, third, and fifth magnetization harmonics under different excitation field strengths are used for estimating core size distributions to avoid measuring higher harmonics. The experiment results show that the improved AC harmonic method can accurately and quickly estimate the distribution of large core sizes compared with the method of static magnetization (M–H) curves, which is a competitive advantage in MNP immunoassays.
Highlights
In recent years, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have become increasingly important in biosensor technology and biomedical applications, such as magnetic immunoassays, magnetic particle imaging (MPI), and hyperthermia cancer treatments [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
We innovatively proposed an improved method for estimating the core size distribution of MNPs, in which only the primary magnetization harmonics under different excitation field strengths were used to estimate the core size distributions, to avoid measuring higher harmonics
Simulations were performed to verify the feasibility of estimating the core size distribution of MNPs via harmonic amplitudes of the magnetization under AC excitation
Summary
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have become increasingly important in biosensor technology and biomedical applications, such as magnetic immunoassays, magnetic particle imaging (MPI), and hyperthermia cancer treatments [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. The accuracy of the estimated distributions of MNPs with large core sizes will degrade They dominate the magnetization at low excitation fields, and the magnetization signal is routinely used in biomedical applications. We innovatively proposed an improved method for estimating the core size distribution of MNPs, in which only the primary magnetization harmonics (first, third, and fifth) under different excitation field strengths were used to estimate the core size distributions, to avoid measuring higher harmonics. The simulation and experimental results show that the MNP core size distributions can be quickly and accurately obtained by solving the matrix equation for harmonic amplitudes. This will be significant for biosensor technology and biomedical applications
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