An Improved Image Watermarking by Modifying Selected DWT-DCT Coefficients

Ferda Ernawan,Dhani Ariatmanto,Ahmad Firdaus

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3067245

Ferda Ernawan, Dhani Ariatmanto + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3067245

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Abstract

Digital images can be easily copied or manipulated by irresponsible persons. The right property needs to be secured and protected from illegal copies and piracy. Digital watermarking is one of the solutions to protect the intellectual property of digital images. This paper proposed the adaptive scaling factor based on selected DWT-DCT coefficients of its image content. The adaptive scaling factor was generated based on the role of selected DWT-DCT coefficients against the average value of DWT-DCT coefficients. The watermark image was embedded by using a proposed set of rules that consider the adaptive scaling factor. The experimental results showed that the proposed scheme achieved high PSNR value of 47dB, SSIM value of about 0.987 and an embedded watermark resistance to several attacks in the watermarked image.

Highlights

The rapid growth of internet technology has increased the amount of multimedia data being transferred over the internet
THE EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS The experiments test on eight grayscale images from USC-SIPI image database [31] and two real images taken by DSLR Nikon D7200
This research presented an adaptive scaling factor for DWT-DCT image watermarking by considering its image content

Summary

Introduction

The rapid growth of internet technology has increased the amount of multimedia data being transferred over the internet. Transferring multimedia data through the internet networks requires copyright protection [1]. Some issues, such as manipulation, authentication, and illegal distribution can lead to a loss of valuable multimedia data to the owner [2]. People can share data, such as video, image, audio, and documents through internet network. The protection of multimedia data is essential to save the distribution of intellectual property [3], [4]. Digital watermarking is an alternative solution to protect the intellectual property from illegal users. A watermark logo is inserted into the host image, whereby the watermark can be visible or invisible [5]

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