Abstract
A fully integrated 2n/2n+1 dual-modulus divider in GHz frequency range is presented. The improved structure can make all separated logic gates embed into correlative D flip—flops completely. In this way, the complex logic functions can be performed with a minimum number of devices and with maximum speed, so that lower power consumption and faster speed are obtained. In addition, the low-voltage bandgap reference needed by the frequency divider is specifically designed to provide a 1.0 V output. According to the design demand, the circuit is fabricated in 0.18 μm standard CMOS process, and the measured results show that its operating frequency range is 1.1–2.5 GHz. The dual-modulus divider dissipates 1.1 mA from a 1.8 V power supply. The temperature coefficient of the reference voltage circuit is 8.3 ppm/°C when the temperature varies from −40 to +125 °C. By comparison, the dual-modulus divide designed in this paper can possess better performance and flexibility.
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