Abstract
An improved numerical finite element procedure for dealing with two dimensional steady state free surface flow problems is presented. As an alternative to modifying the element geometry mesh in order to accommodate the movement and subsequent location of the free surface, it is extrapolated from the mesh boundary using a fixed finite element grid. The exact position of the free surface is determined when the imposed boundary conditions are satisfied. The technique is applied to some simple cases of steady flow through a porous material, and the results are compared with the conventional finite element method. Excellent agreement is obtained but more significantly, considerable economy is achieved since it is only necessary to formulate the governing set of algebraic equations for the initial time step.
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